Attitudes,norms and difficulties underlying road sharing intentions as drivers and cyclists: Evidence from the Czech Republic

Cycling-inclusive urban planning is attracting attention worldwide because of the environmental, health, economic, and transport benefits inherent to cycling from the individual and the societal perspectives. The Czech Republic is one of the emerging cycling countries that are trying to promote and support cycling, but cycling mode shares are low because of the poor quality of the scarce infrastructure and the psychological barrier of the perceived lack of safety when cycling in mixed traffic. This study takes a multimodal approach based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and focuses on the factors underlying the willingness to share the road from the perspective of cyclists and drivers: positive attitudes toward cycling, positive attitudes toward cyclists’ behavior, social norms toward cycling and anxiety to share the road. A web-based questionnaire was tailor-designed and administered in the Czech Republic via social networks, web forums, and the Civinet network, and a hybrid bivariate-ordered model tested the behavioral framework. Results show that the willingness to share the road as a cyclist or as a driver relates positively to positive attitudes towards cycling and cyclists’ behavior, and negatively to the anxiety of sharing the road. Moreover, mediator effects are observed and a clear relation emerges between the experience on the road as both a cyclist and a driver on the willingness to share the road as a cyclist. Lastly, results show that the factors underlying road sharing intentions are related significantly to gender, travel habits, and perceived personal and infrastructure-related barriers to cycling.     

郭坑回族村乡村旅游博弈模型实证研究

随着社会经济的快速发展,乡村旅游的开发逐渐受到人们关注,乡村旅游产业的发展进一步推动了农村经济的可持续发展。文章借鉴前人研究成果,构建了博弈模型,应用博弈模型假设对政府与投资企业之间形成的合法经营与非法经营、监督治理与不监督治理的博弈关系进行研究。以郭坑回族村为例,通过问卷调查及专家讨论方式搜集相关数据,对利益方之间的合作与不合作进行博弈分析,分析了资源开发与环境保护之间的辩证关系,以获得适合景区资源开发与环境保护关系的最佳方案。该文根据博弈分析结果提出了郭坑回族村乡村旅游发展对策,为实现乡村旅游的可持续发展提供宝贵意见。     

An empirical analysis of the factors influencing farmer demand for forest insurance: Based on surveys from Lin’an County in Zhejiang Province of China

The lack of effective farmer demand is a major factor that restricts the development of China's forest insurance. To solve this problem, this study uses a Logit model to conduct an empirical analysis of relevant factors in the farmers’ demand for forest insurance, based on field survey data of Lin’an County, Zhejiang Province. The results show that the farmers’ understanding of forest insurance, the proportion of forestry revenues in the total household income, forest size, forest disaster frequency, forest insurance liability, insurance amount setup, and the farmers’ satisfaction regarding the premium subsidy policy, are the main factors that affect the farmers’ demand for forest insurance. Therefore, we propose to expand forest insurance promotion, raise the farmers’ income, rationally design insurance products, and optimize the forest premium subsidy policy to enhance the farmers’ willingness to participate in forest insurance.     

The efficiency of small and medium enterprises in informal metal manufacturing in Zimbabwe: Implications for stakeholders in the agricultural sector

This study uses the structure–conduct–performance framework to examine the structure and efficiency of small and medium enterprises in the informal metal manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. Small and medium enterprises provide a lifeline to the country's resource-poor farmers, whose numbers increased exponentially after the agrarian reform in 2000. The study utilises nationally representative, enterprise-level data from five major towns (Harare, Chitungwiza, Bulawayo, Mutare and Rusape) in Zimbabwe. Various performance measures are applied at the industry level to assess efficiency, profitability and competitiveness; these include the Herfindahl–Hirschman index, concentration ratios, average yearly profits and Tobin's q ratio. The results indicate that small and medium enterprises in Zimbabwe are modestly efficient, profitable and competitive. These findings highlight the need to integrate informal metal fabrication activities into Zimbabwe's national economic development plans.     

我国大众文化的双重维度辩证发展探析

建国以来，我国的文化发展可分为两个时期：改革开放之前主要发展文化事业，改革开放后，文化产业的越来越快速发展。当前，我国文化发展还存在很多的问题。一定要将文化事业与文化产业结合发展，两个维度和谐统一，促进文化健康发展。     

Driving force from authorities: the evolution of innovation system for biomedical industry in China

Over the past 30 years, China has fully exploited its advantage to steadily foster an innovation system for the biomedical industry with Chinese characteristics, that is, ‘Government-guided, resource-integrated and long-term planning.’ The system originated from historically famous ‘863 program’ in the 1980s, evolved with a series of favourable policies in the different periods, and eventually has taken shape in the industrial clusters across the country. It features with a systematic and integrated R&D infrastructure (or public platform) at different levels. In this study, China’s biomedical innovation system will be examined and the leading role of Chinese authorities will be explored from the perspective of Triple Helix theory. As the ‘highland of innovation’, Shanghai case is highlighted with plentiful information gathered from primary sources in the involved agencies for the first time, including the Shanghai Biopharma Service Platform.     

吉林省农业生态旅游功能分区研究  谢 璐

随着我国城镇化进程的不断加快,生活在喧嚣都市的人们越来越向往恬静的田园风光,农业生态旅游业作为一种新型农业生产经营形式与旅游活动项目应运而生,并且越来越受到相关学者与政府的重视.文章以吉林省农业生态旅游为研究对象,分析了农业生态旅游的发展现状,指出其发展存在生态环境破坏、 基础设施落后、 管理水平较低、 产业链条较短等问题;综合考虑吉林省地形地貌特征、 气候特征、民俗风情等因素,考虑不同区域农业经济、 社会、 生态及文化的相似性与差异性,对其进行地理空间分区,大致分为东部长白山农业生态旅游功能区、 中部松辽平原农业生态旅游功能区、 西部松嫩平原农业生态旅游功能区,同时探究了各功能区的差异性特征;针对各功能区不同特征提出"政府调控-市场调节"相互配合、"农业-旅游业"相互耦合、"经济-社会-生态"相互协调、"以点带面"互联互动、"省内-省外"互学互助等发展建议,以期为当地农业生态旅游的发展提供借鉴,为促进吉林省农业生态旅游业的可持续发展提供参考.     

电子商务背景下农产品F2F电商模式及其发展策略分析

由于信息交流不通畅、农产品价格波动频繁等原因,农产品电子商务在互联网技术发展带动下应运而生,各类农产品电商模式不断出现,其中农产品F2F电商模式就是最为重要的发展模式之一。文章通过归纳总结,从当前几种农产品电商模式特点出发,提出了农产品电商新模式——F2F(Farm to Family)。该文阐述了农产品F2F电商模式的运营模式内涵及当前发展现状,其次,剖析了F2F农产品模式的优劣点,最后根据前文分析,提出了积极构建农产品物流配送系统、积极培养农产品电子商务优秀人才、强化农产品的品质管理加快农产品电商发展的对策措施。     

基于资源环境约束下的休闲观光农业园游客满意度研究——以北戴河集发农业园为例

文章基于资源环境的约束,以北戴河集发休闲农业观光园为例,针对影响客户满意度的问题运用问卷调查法,即发放、搜集、收回和整理问卷,进行调查并数理统计。其中,高达95.8%问卷回收率,保障了问题研究所用数据的科学性、规范性和客观性。基于国、内外游客满意度的研究现状,在前人游客满意度分析模型研究基础上,根据实际所得数据建立了休闲农业观光园游客满意度分析模型——因子模型。因子模型是利用加权平均法计算权重函数的权重值,得到客户满意度的指标权重,对实际所得数据按照上述步骤处理,运用因子模型计算得到客户处于中等满意度的结论。该研究对因子模型进行了检验,证明了模型的有效性,提出了当前休闲农业发展的短板和需要提高的方面,为以后休闲农业的发展提供了侧重方向。     

黑土典型区有机质高光谱预测模型

土壤有机质(SOM)是鉴别土壤肥力的重要指标,是土壤肥力的物质基础,其含量预测模型研究对于土壤肥力评价、土壤碳库估算、土壤资源利用与保护具有重要意义。该文以黑龙江省黑土带典型区为例,采集区域土壤样本,基于有机质含量与土壤反射率的定量关系,对光谱反射率进行一阶微分和倒对数的处理,建立偏最小二乘法模型(PLSR)、一元线性回归模型和多元线性逐步回归模型。结果表明:(1)土壤有机质敏感波段位于650-750nm。(2)通过比较建模样本与检验样本的决定系数(R2)和均方根误差(RMSE)的大小,得到反射率和倒对数处理后的数据最优模型都为PLSR模型,一阶微分处理后的最优模型为多元线性逐步回归模型。(3)PLSR模型的建模效果优于回归模型,但其预测效果却并不理想。该研究将为改进土壤理化参数、遥感反演、土地质量评价等工作方法提供理论与技术支持。